Indiana

The Hoosier State Established 1816, 19th State

Climate

Average Seasonal High and Low Temperatures # Spring: 62/41°F # Summer: 84/63°F # Fall: 64/44°F # Winter: 37/21°F

Geography

For thousands of years, glaciers covered most of Indiana. These powerful glaciers ground down the landscape to make most of the state very flat. The glaciers also left behind fertile soil, and today Indiana is covered with rich farmland. However, the ancient glaciers did not reach down to Indiana's southern section, which is distinguished by rugged hills. Indiana's major rivers, like the Ohio and the Wabash, provided important routes for early exploration and migration. They helped Indiana earn its reputation as the Crossroads of America. Indiana's 36,420 square miles (94,327 sq km) make it the 13th smallest state.

Resources and Economy

Indiana relies heavily on its huge manufacturing industry. The state leads the nation in steel production. A steel mill in Gary has the largest blast furnaces (furnaces used to make steel) in the entire Western Hemisphere. Not only can Indiana produce large amounts of steel but it can also ship the steel easily because Indiana has more interstate highways per square mile than any other state. These highways take Indiana's raw materials to all parts of the country. Indiana claims many other important resources, too. The state's rich farmland makes it a leading farming state, although farming is not as important now as it was in the past. Southern Indiana holds rich limestone deposits. Limestone is used in construction and to make steel.

Population

6,345,289

Government

Capital:
State Abbreviation: IN
Governor: Mitch Daniels (Republican)
U.S. Senators: 2
Evan Bayh (Democrat)
Richard Lugar (Republican)
U.S. Representatives: 8
    Republicans: 4
    Democrats 4
State Senators: 50
State Representatives: 100
Counties: 92

Fun Facts

* Indianans have been called Hoosiers since the 1830s, but no one today is sure what the word means. * Fort Wayne was the home of the first professional baseball game, played in 1871. * Indiana has an actual town called Santa Claus. It receives half a million letters during Christmastime. * Abraham Lincoln grew up in a one-room log cabin in Spencer County. * Rockefeller Center, the Pentagon, the U.S. Treasury, a dozen other government buildings in Washington, D.C., and 14 state capitol buildings are all made from Indiana limestone. * Except for Hawaii, Indiana is the smallest state west of the Appalachian Mountains. * Ray Harroun won the first Indy 500 in 1911. He averaged 75 mph and won $14,000. The average speed of the Indy 500 today is more than 165 mph, and the winner receives more than a million dollars. * Five Indianans have been elected vice president of the United States: Schuyler Colfax, Thomas A. Hendricks, Charles W. Fairbanks, Thomas Marshall and Dan Quayle.